Cell phones have come a long way to the point where we are

at in time. Most people think cell phones go only as far back as

twenty years. However, it actually is over a hundred years. Cell

phones go way back to 1832, where a man of Samuel Morse had

the idea that evolved to the sounds of cell phones that we hear and

use everyday. Morse is a major contributor to the cell phone because

of the fact that he started it all. His name might not be as popular as

Motorola, Bell Laboratories, AT&T etc. but what most people tend to

overlook is that he had the idea that created this phenomenon.

Morse started the electromagnetic telegraph is 1832. This idea led

to Morse wiring connections from Governor’s Island and  Castle Garden, NY. Due to a default of this experiment Morse connections were cut. However, Morse proceeded by using the telegraph  to send signals through the wires that were under water. This idea was the actual first form of wireless communications. As this form of conduction of electricity was brought out, many other evolved as well. It was through Morse, that wireless communications began to evolve.

     The creation of wires and transmitting information were

strongly developed by inventors. Little things began to be created

that would not be such a big deal if we heard about them now due to

the high advancement in technology. In regards to the cell phone,

technology took its course when a man by the name of Martin

Cooper began his latest project. Cooper was hired by Motorola in

1954, which began his career on researching and developing

portable technology. He was then in charge of researching cellular. It

was in 1973, where the first cellular phone was introduced. It

weighed about thirty ounces. This created a whole new world for

consumers. People were now going to have the ability to

communicate wirelessly with the freedom to do it at anytime, any

place, anywhere.

          Motorola is the final major contributor to cellular. Motorola

made it possible and also attracted one million subscribers for

commercial use. The created the “DynaTAC” phone that weighed

nearly half of what Cooper created. Motorola was the first company

to produce this market. Our country went from a world where one

million subscribers were a lot to a point where we are at now, which

is the fact that there are more cell phones than there are land lines.

Cell phones are truly a phenomenon. They have emerged because

of technology, inventors and the ideas that were brought forward.

Motorola first started this market in 1983 and has only kept it

stronger ever since. Motorola in fact, has always stayed on top of

their performance by bringing new ideas to cell phones which has

not led to the point of cell phones being fashionable.

www.thehistoryof.net

            History and Development

     This paper has discussed how the cell phone phenomenon all got started by a simple mistake of wireless communications. Now it will discuss the history as well as the development aspect of the rise to wireless communications. Cell phones generally hit the mass market around 1984 where prices of both phones and plans were high. Cell phones as known are a form of wireless communications that require a form of radiation to transfer calls through the satellites. The actual mechanism of how cell phones work can be found in the section “How It Works.”  Cell phones have turned into a multi-billion dollar industry. Cell phones back in the eighties were said to be in the market of about three million. We are now living in a age of cell phones being a part of a thirty plus billion dollar business. Major companies have just exploded with advancements that have excited consumers for years, and the way things have been going, probably for more years to come. How technology got to this point was not easy nor fast. Cell phones took many years to turn into the business that it has. It took rather a long time for this business to kick in. This raises a question of why and how come? If the idea of the cell phone was introduced such a long time ago why would it take close to three decades of work just so that everyone would have one. Why is that we now have to live in a world of wireless communications. A probably and most valid answer would be the internet. The internet is what provided the idea that everyone needs the internet why not everyone have a cell phone to stay in contact. Instant messaging over the web, talking to whomever whenever on the phone that became evolved. How we got to this point was not an easy form. In regards back to the question of why and how come it took so long for cell phones to evolve in our country, one can blame the FCC. The FCC regulates any form of air waves with frequency and bandwidth. Since a cell phone is a form of a two-way radio, the FCC had rejected to experiment with the airwaves. AT&T then proposed to perform a valid experiment to test out the airwaves. The FCC limited AT&T with a certain amount of frequency to perform any tasks. This low limit of frequency simply set back any incentives to research further. This long going process took until about the late sixties when Bell Lab and AT&T proposed a “cell” idea with frequencies and that would better the mobile frequency levels etc. This idea was accepted if the research would better technology with mobile frequency. The idea worked, and the process of furthering technology advanced to the point where we are at now. The development of cell phones took off. People became interested in what this new “toy” had to offer people. However this new toy would not be a cheap one. Consumers were paying big bucks to become a part of the wireless communications world. If we were to really think about it though, if the finished product of a cell phone started in the early eighties and really took off just over ten years, the theory of the power of the internet would be the right answer of why cell phones became a part of American history. This is true because everything that the internet has to offer is added to a cell phone. The two share great similarities. Not the computer and the cell phone but rather the internet and the cell phone. Both technologies one can talk on, download from, receive news, listen to music, instant message, check emails. For the most part if the internet adds a new feature do not be surprised if next month Verizon adds a new feature to their plan. Cell phone companies have a lot of thanks to the internet for making this a thirty billion dollar business . http://inventors.about.com/library/

      How It Works

            Ever wonder why it is called a cell phone? Well for starters everyone knows what a phone is. But ever wonder why the word cell is used? It is a fact that cell phones work base on small cells. Cell phones are a form of radio. Although more complex, it is still considered a radio because it fed off by frequency levels. Cell phones are power transmitted by these small cells from towers. These towers send signals in forms of channels to the cells. Since we live in an age of having more cell phones that landlines, our cities are filled with these cells in order to get service. In order to receive the forms of wireless communications, satellites have been created to communicate with our providers. Power transmitters, ground cables, towers etc. the list of electronics devices are used in order for cell phones to be used, especially with over the one hundred million that are used today.

            Now that is it understood of how a cell phone makes calls and receives signals the fundamentals of how the cell phone itself works and handles will be discussed. The cell phone is composed of a micro processor, memory chips, antennas, microphone, speaker, liquid crystal,  plastic and a battery. These all control over the circuit board. The circuit board is what sends messages throughout the phone.  This is all based on the micro processor that reads the messages but can be defined as the nucleus of the board. Without these parts of the phone codes would not be encoded in making the process of making or receiving a call. Currently, cell phones are in huge demand with an already installed web browser as a part of the memory. This enhances the cell phone feature with people accessing the web etc.

            Cell phones have evolved with many new and exciting features. With a processing chips and software built into the phone, people can do more things with their phone than they do at their jobs. The idea of the camera both photograph and video mechanisms have been installed into the cell phones. The use of text messaging and instant messaging also have the same concept. The use of the web browser to download songs as if you were over the internet are more ways to enhance your cell phone features. The overall use of a cell phone is rather simple. The same concepts of dialing a number have stayed the same, it is just made easier. Phonebooks, quick dialing, receiving incoming calls. The cell phone is just a more convenient way to communicate with one another.

            Now that most of the cell phone technical information has been discussed, what people do not know of “how it works’ is how to use it properly. The cell phone by many adults who did not grow up with computers find that cell phones are annoying, rude, and a distraction. For the baby boomers yes, for generation y, not a chance. However certain guidelines should be followed when having a cell phone. Perhaps having proper cell phone manners should be considered. Since when is it normal to walk and talk and not having anyone in front of you considered normal. Years ago, people would point and call for help. Now is it considered, as mention in the introduction, a fashion.  www.howitworks.com

Technological Examination

            Over the years, it has been obvious of that cell phones have gone through many changes. One might ask when does it stop. The answer is that it does not stop. As long as technology keeps going forward cell phones will forever be advancing. This is because it has to. If there are over one hundred million people using cell phones than it is a clear mass market to make a profit. Just like televisions, because of the fact that everyone owns one, new advancements are made for people to purchase. An even better example is the computer and the monopolies that have occurred from that. Computers create newer software that only require newer computers. This is an on going process and will not stop. Cell phones have come to a point where one can only imagine what will come out next. An article from Business Week just said that cell phones are in the process of having full fledge credit cards built into them. Technology with cell phones will just continue to grow. If ideas per say do run out, they will just continue to make things smaller, easier, louder, clearer. etc.

            From the internet, cell phones have learned a lot. They now connect with each other both figuratively and literally. One can now tap into their email account and act as if they were on the web. Downloading ring tones has turned into a huge market. There are billions of dollars circulating our economy with cell phones and everything else that goes with them. Even the case covers of customizing what we as Americans want. Cell phones are not getting more simple but rather more advance.  The thing also is that it is not even targeted towards children for it is  targeted towards adults too. Businesses have created more businesses outside of cell phones. In the introduction of this paper, the cell phone evolution was referred to as a phenomenon. For these reasons it proves that it truly is. However, what it comes down to is that the cell phones main purpose is to make a call, that aspect will never change. So there are certain limitations on what a human can do with it. They can only speak at one conversation at a time, but then again it is only human.

            The cell phone evolution might have some risks to it. That is health risks. It really has never been proven that cell phones do not cause cancer to the brain. It has been proven that radiation occurs each time a cell phone is transmitting signals. This radiation changes at different angles which is one of the reasons why it passes certain FCC regulations. This can be a rather serious considering that the waves of radiation can actually carry out to fifty miles. As a country it would be rather interesting to know how we would react if we had to say goodbye to our wireless communications and take a step back for a change.

http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/

http://www.global-source-mkt.com/

                            Business Factors

            Cell phones generate billions of dollars. It is one of the most profitable businesses in America. First for the fact that practically every American over the age of fifteen has one, second, its percentages of take in profit are through the roof. Cell phones generate business through servers. Cingular, Nextal, Verizon are some of the biggest names in the business. These servers carry out service for the cell phones. Bigger the company, chances are better the service as they are able to spend more money on equipment for the carrier. People pay these servers on a monthly basis. They pay according to their plan of choice. Almost the same way insurance works. You pick the best plan out for you. These carriers also generate other ways to make a profit. Text messaging, ring tones, etc. are all pure profit for the service, as well as phone number listings. Cell phone carriers buy cell phones from the company that makes them. Each carrier sets up each phone different so it can not be picked up by any other carrier. The market for cell phones are almost from young teens to about adults in the sixties. The marketing scheme of staying connected at all times really hit American’s good by making them realize that this is true. Personally, we are not that important to keep in 24/7 contact with.